"When someone is hateful or insulting to you, remember that they are reporting their state of mind, not yours. Don't be upset. Just say to yourself, 'This is how things appear to them.'"
- Epictetus
Enchiridion
Epictetus offers a powerful reframe for dealing with difficult people by recognizing that their behavior reflects their internal state rather than objective truth about us. When someone is rude, critical, or hostile, they're essentially giving us information about their own mental and emotional condition - their fears, insecurities, pain, or ignorance. This perspective allows us to respond with compassion rather than defensiveness, understanding rather than anger. Their perception of us is filtered through their own experiences and limitations, making it more about them than about us. By maintaining this perspective, we can stay centered and even feel sympathy for people who are clearly struggling, rather than letting their negativity disturb our peace.
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Complete teachings of Epictetus
Enchiridion
The handbook of Stoic philosophy
Dichotomy of Control
Epictetus's core teaching
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Apply Epictetus's teachings daily
The Four Stoic Virtues
Core principles of character development
Stoic Principles
Essential teachings for daily life